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Waste Burning and Incineration Combustion Process

The combustion, or burning, of solid waste proceeds through a series of stages. Water is first driven from the unburned waste by heat produced from material burning nearby or from an auxiliary burner. As the waste heats up, carbon and other substances are released and converted into burnable gases. This is referred to as gasification. These gases are then able to mix with oxygen. If the temperature inside the burn chamber is high enough and maintained for a long enough period of time, the hot gases are completely converted into water vapour and carbon dioxide, which is then released into the air. If the temperature inside the burn chamber is not high enough and the burn time is too short, complete conversion of the burnable gases does not occur and visible smoke is released into the air.  Another result of burning at low temperatures is the creation of pollutants that were not originally present in the waste. This process is known as de novo synthesis. Dioxins, furans and other complex chemical pollutants can be formed through this process.

Ash produced from combustion takes the form of either fly ash or bottom ash.  Fly ash is the fine particles carried away in the form of smoke while bottom ash is the course non-combustible and unburned material that remains after the burn is complete. The type and amount of pollutants in the fly and bottom ash depend upon what waste is burned and completeness of the combustion process.

The completeness of combustion is determined by all of the following factors:

Temperature

The temperature generated is a function of the heating value of the waste and auxiliary fuel, incinerator or burn unit design, air supply and combustion control.  Complete combustion requires high temperatures. Generally, temperatures that exceed 650oC with a holding time of 1-2 seconds will cause complete combustion of most food and other common household waste.  Segregation of waste is required when using methods that don’t routinely achieve these temperatures. Dual chamber incinerators, which are designed to burn complex mixtures of waste, hazardous waste and biomedical waste, must provide a temperature higher than 1000oC and a holding time of at least one second to ensure complete combustion and minimize dioxin and furan emissions.  When these high temperatures and holding times are achieved, waste will be completely burned and ash, smoke and pollutant concentrations will be minimized.

Because exhaust gas temperatures vary from ambient to greater than 1000°C each time a batch waste incinerator is used, optional air pollution control systems with evaporative cooling towers and scrubbers are seldom recommended. However, it may be necessary to employ these systems with large continuous feed incinerators if additional cleaning of exhaust gas is required by regulatory authorities.

Holding Time

Complete combustion takes time.  Holding time, otherwise known as retention or residence time, is the length of time available to ensure the complete mixing of air and fuel, and thus the complete burning of waste. Low temperatures, low heating values of the waste and reduced turbulence require that the holding time be increased to complete the combustion process.

Turbulence

The turbulent mixing of burnable gases with sufficient oxygen is needed to promote good contact between the burning waste and incoming air. This will help in achieving the high temperatures at which waste can be completely burned. The amount of mixing is influenced by the shape and size of the burn chamber and how the air is injected. Passive under-fire ventilation achieved during open burning does not result in sufficient turbulence for the burning of a wide variety of waste.  Also, it is important not to overfill the burn chamber as airflow may be blocked and the amount of turbulence further reduced.  The more advanced incineration designs provide effective turbulence through the forced introduction of air directly into hot zones.

Composition of the Waste

The heating value, wetness and chemical properties of the waste affect the combustion process and the pollutants that are contained in the resulting smoke and ash. The higher the burn temperature, holding time and turbulence that are achieved, the less effect the composition of the waste has on completeness of the burn.

Pet incinerator lying unused for over 1 yr

The pet incinerator installed at the pet cemetery in Nehru Nagar, Pimpri, is not yet operational despite being installed over a year ago owing to the delay in finalising monetary decisions for laying pipelines for CNG.

Apparently, Maharashtra Natural Gas Limited (MNGL) and Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) are both adamant on not compromising on the investment in the project for laying pipelines on the 800 metre stretch.

The need for an incinerator was felt when the burial ground went out of space. It has close to 3,000 pets buried on the premises.

The incinerator machine was installed about 14 months ago at the pet cemetery, the only corporation-run cemetery in the State. The veterinary department of the PCMC has successfully got all permissions and is now waiting for the CNG pipeline to be laid as fuel is the prime need for operating the machine.

Dr Satish Gore, Chief Veterinary Officer of PCMC, said, “The problem is that all other options apart from CNG will increase the cost of a single incineration by 3-4 times. For example, using LPG will cost at least 1,400 per incineration, while CNG will cost Rs 300-400.”

MNGL officials said that a proposal has been sent to the veterinary department and that the PCMC has to take a call on it. Dr Gore said the cost was high and is expecting some concession or subsidy, since it is not for a completely commercial purpose. He said, “It is difficult for a smaller department like us to invest so much on laying pipelines. We have even written to the Union  Government to look into the matter.”

However, MNGL officials said, “We have been paying the rights of usage of

Rs 5,000 per metre to the PCMC. The proposal sent to the veterinary department includes this cost. If the PCMC is ready to waive this amount for their own department, the cost will come down by 30 per cent. The laying of pipelines will then cost close to Rs 2-3 lakh.”

Medical waste incinerator completes trial phase

HAI PHONG (VNS) — A seminar to evaluate a medical waste incinerator project built with Japanese technology was held this morning in the northern city of Hai Phong.

The project has been operational since January. The initial test results, collected by the Hai Phong Urban Environment One Member Limited Company, indicated that the incinerator meets all Vietnamese environmental protection standards.

The incinerator has been designed with the latest Japanese technology to process medical waste and harmful industrial waste.

The project is part of the co-operation programme between the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment and the Japan International Co-operation Agency. — VNS

 

by: http://en.baomoi.com/Info/Medical-waste-incinerator-completes-trial-phase/6/496772.epi

Advanced Medical Waste Incineration Solutions for Mauritania’s Healthcare Sector

Advanced Medical Waste Incineration Solutions for Mauritania’s Healthcare Sector

Addressing the Growing Waste Management Challenge

Mauritania’s healthcare system, like many in West Africa, faces increasing pressure to safely dispose of infectious and hazardous medical waste. With expanding vaccination programs, hospitals, and regional clinics, the demand for environmentally compliant incineration systems has never been greater. Traditional open burning or low-temperature disposal methods no longer meet international health and environmental standards. To close this gap, Mauritania has defined technical requirements aligned with EU Directive 2000/76/EC and WHO guidelines, emphasizing dual-chamber high-temperature incineration and modern air pollution control systems.


HICLOVER’s Technical Response

HICLOVER has developed incineration systems that directly meet Mauritania’s specifications, ensuring both operational efficiency and compliance with strict emission controls. The proposed solution includes:

Combustion Chambers

  • Dual chamber design (primary + secondary) with refractory lining ≥ 230 mm, high-alumina content (65% Al₂O₃), resistant up to 1750°C.

  • Operating temperatures: primary chamber ≥ 850°C, secondary chamber up to 1100–1200°C, maintaining a gas residence time ≥ 2 seconds to ensure destruction of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

Performance

  • Processing capacity: 30–50 kg/hour, suited for regional healthcare facilities.

  • Combustion efficiency ≥ 99%, reducing ash residue to ≤ 3–10% of initial waste weight.

  • Non-combustible waste deformation: ensures destruction of sharps, glass vials, and metal components.

Construction & Safety

  • CS steel structure with watertight ash feed and discharge doors under slight vacuum to prevent leaks.

  • Thermal insulation ensures external surfaces remain ≤ 70°C for operator safety.

  • PLC automated control with digital interface, data recording, alarms, and interlocks to prevent unsafe operation.

  • Operators PPE Kit (3 full sets) supplied for safe handling.

Emission Treatment

To comply with EU and WHO standards, HICLOVER integrates:

  • Quench tower for rapid cooling to prevent dioxin formation.

  • Desulfurization and acid gas scrubber for HCl, HF, and SO₂ removal.

  • Demister tower for fine droplet separation.

  • Activated carbon adsorption unit for heavy metals and dioxins/furans.

  • Baghouse filter for particulate matter (dust ≤ 10 mg/m³).

  • Chemical dosing system for precise neutralization.

Emission limits achieved:

  • CO ≤ 50 mg/m³

  • Total Organic Carbon ≤ 10 mg/m³

  • HCl ≤ 10 mg/m³, HF ≤ 1 mg/m³, SO₂ ≤ 50 mg/m³, NOx ≤ 200 mg/m³

  • Dioxins/Furans ≤ 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm³

Supporting Infrastructure

  • Fuel tank: 200 liters with pumps, filters, flame arrestors, leak detection, and safety valves.

  • Diesel-fired burners from Italy for reliable ignition and efficiency.

  • Chimney height ≥ 3 m (stainless steel or CS), equipped with sampling ports for compliance monitoring.

  • Ash handling system with extraction doors and trolley for safe disposal.


Strategic Importance for Mauritania

By adopting HICLOVER’s incinerator systems, Mauritania can ensure:

  • Compliance with international emission standards, safeguarding communities and the environment.

  • Reliable and scalable medical waste treatment capacity for hospitals, vaccination campaigns, and regional clinics.

  • Reduced dependence on unsafe open burning, a common but high-risk practice.

  • Enhanced operator safety through automated controls, PPE kits, and robust insulation.

  • A long-term sustainable solution with two years of spare parts supply and training for local operators.


Conclusion

For Mauritania, the deployment of modern double-chamber, EU-compliant incinerators represents a turning point in healthcare waste management. HICLOVER’s systems are specifically engineered to meet these requirements, combining high combustion performance with advanced emission control and safe, user-friendly operation. This positions Mauritania to protect public health, comply with international obligations, and build resilient waste management capacity for years to come.


mauritania medical waste incinerator
WHO compliant dual chamber incinerator mauritania
containerized hospital incinerator west africa
incinerator with wet scrubber and bag filter mauritania
HICLOVER PLC controlled incinerator for african hospitals


Mobile: +86-13813931455(WhatsApp)

Email:     sales@hiclover.com     
Email:     hicloversales@gmail.com 

 

2025-09-06/23:21:29

Medical Waste Incinerator

Product Specifications : Medical Waste Incinerator
Medical Waste Incinerator, Incinerator
Specifications-type Pyrolytic combustion
Construction requirements of the incinerator-Incinérateur Gas or electric and designed to
Minimize noise during operation
Prevent the release of black smoke and fine dust during loading and operation of waste
Allow for regular and complete combustion of the waste
Allow automatic operation requiring little, if any monitoring and ensuring optimal and safe operation
Provide limited consumption of gas or electricity
Provide fire safety for the entire installation
Install a protective shelter of the incinerator.rated
Capacity-Incinérateurs Capacity of at least 5 to 7 kg / h
Temperature combustion and post-combustion
Combustion temperature: at least 900 ° C- After burner temperature: at least 1100 ° C.Range and operating time-Operation Optimal and uninterrupted for at least 06 hours in a row.
Quality of treatment-Fumée Emitted less harmful and whitish
General Design-Ensure Maximum protection and operator safety.-provide A fume extraction device
Combustion-Set The combustion chamber between 900 and 1000 ° C-Non Combustion with a thermometer probe and numerically displaying its inner temperature.atmospheric emissionsAtmospheric emissions will be done according to the rules and standards:Concentrations in mg / Nm3 of flue gas reported at 11% oxygen
Substances:Daily averages:- Total Dust: 10-30- Organic in the state of gas or vapor, expressed as total organic carbon (TOC) substances:: 10 – 15- Hydrogen chloride (HCl): 10-15- Hydrogen fluoride (HF): 1-3- Sulphur dioxide (SO2): 50-60- Carbon monoxide (CO): 50-90-Speed Injection of greater than 8 m / sec air emissions.
Related SERVICES-the Delivery of the incinerator must be accompanied by the provision of a number of services.Installation of the incineratorFlush and startup of the incinerator on the site in accordance with requirements prescribed by it.formation- Trained in the use and preventive maintenance of the incinerator of the manipulator (operator incinerators.Toolbox and wear parts-Provide Toolkits for maintenance-Provide A toolkit for each incineratorwarranty-At Least one (01) year from the date of delivery.-Take Into account the replacement of defective parts or any other book accompanying the delivery of the incinerator

Medical Waste Management and Incinerator Use in Burundi

Medical Waste Management and Incinerator Use in Burundi

Burundi, a small East African country with a population of around 13 million, faces challenges in safely managing healthcare waste. Its healthcare system includes:

  • A network of national hospitals, district hospitals, and local health centers

  • Growing numbers of NGO-supported clinics, especially in rural and border areas

Most health facilities generate infectious waste: used syringes, dressings, laboratory waste, and small amounts of pathological and pharmaceutical waste.


Waste Treatment Practices

Historically, many facilities relied on:

  • Simple single-chamber brick incinerators, often locally built

  • Open pit burning or burial behind facilities, which pose public health and environmental risks

  • Occasional transport of limited quantities of hazardous waste to centralized sites in larger towns

Such methods often fail to reach the high temperatures (≥850°C) needed to safely destroy pathogens and reduce harmful emissions.


Introduction of Modern Incinerators

In the past decade, improvements have come through:

  • International donor-funded projects (e.g., WHO, UNICEF, Gavi, and the Global Fund) supporting installation of safer, dual-chamber incinerators

  • Procurement of small to medium-capacity diesel-fired incinerators, often 10C50 kg/hour, suitable for hospitals and district health centers

  • Some incinerators installed as part of maternal and child health and vaccination programs to handle increased volumes of sharps and used PPE


Examples of Facilities Using Incinerators

While detailed national lists are limited, known sites include:

  • Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge (CHUK) in Bujumbura, the capital: reported to operate a higher-capacity dual-chamber incinerator serving the hospital and surrounding facilities

  • Ngozi Regional Hospital and Gitega Regional Hospital: have small diesel-fired incinerators, partly funded by donor programs

  • Selected district hospitals and communal health centers equipped with smaller, locally built brick incinerators or imported compact incinerators

NGO-supported field hospitals and refugee health posts, particularly near the Tanzania border, have also deployed containerized mobile incinerators to manage periodic spikes in medical waste.


Technical and Environmental Trends

  • Shift from single-chamber to dual-chamber units: better pathogen destruction and fewer visible emissions

  • Growing demand for compact, containerized incinerators: suitable for remote rural areas where waste transport is not practical

  • Consideration of wet scrubber systems or chimney extensions to reduce particulate emissions, especially in urban hospitals

  • Emphasis on operator training and maintenance support, often bundled with equipment purchases to ensure long-term usability


Remaining Challenges

  • Limited budget allocation by public health authorities means continued dependence on donor-funded procurement

  • Many rural health centers still rely on low-efficiency incinerators or uncontrolled burning

  • A need to update national guidelines and enforce standards on temperature monitoring and emission controls

Burundi is gradually improving medical waste treatment by installing modern, dual-chamber incinerators, especially in key hospitals and through donor-supported programs. Compact, mobile, and containerized models―such as those offered by HICLOVER―are particularly suited for Burundi’s mix of small rural facilities and larger district hospitals, offering safe and practical solutions where infrastructure is limited.

For technical details, tailored proposals, or examples of compact incinerators ideal for Burundi’s health sector, visit:
www.hiclover.com
or contact: sales@hiclover.com


Mobile: +86-13813931455(WhatsApp)

Email:     sales@hiclover.com     

Containerized Mobile Incinerator Model CA50

Waste Incinerator

(Containerized Mobile Incinerator)

Capacity: Average 50 kgs per hour


Model

CA50

Internal Dimensions

100 x 80 x 70 cm

Main Product List

Primary Combustion Chamber

Secondary Combustion Chamber

Smoke Filter Chamber

Incinerator Control Case

Chimney:5.0Meters

*(upgrade to Stainless Steel, free cost)

Italy oil/gas burner: 02 units

Oil Tank (if oil fuel): 200Liters

ISO 20′ Container(Delivery with Incinerator)














Model

CA50

Waste Treatment

Waste Incineration Treatment

Feed Capacity

Average 100 kgs per feed

Burning Rate

Average 50 kgs per hour

Burning Time per Feed

Average 2 hour

Control Mode

PLC(Programmable Logic Controller Incinerator)

Voltage

220V

Power

0.7Kw

Fuel

Diesel oil

Burner

Italy Burner

Feed Mode

Manual

Temperature Monitor

Digital Display

Fuel consumption (Oil)

Average 16.6 Kgs/Hour

Internal Dimensions

100x80x70cm (Primary Chamber)

External Dimensions

230 x 130 x 155cm (main body)

Waste combustion chamber

560Liters

Post Combustion Chamber

280Liters

Oil Tank Capacity

200 Liters

Door Opening

70 x 50cm

Chimney

5.0M

Gross Weight

4500kgs

Chamber Material

Firebrick ,Refractory Concrete

Max. Heat Value

166,000Kcal/Hr.

























HICLOVER – Medical Environmental 


 

Waste Incinerators
Medical Waste Incinerator
Pet Animal Cremation
Solid Waste Incinerator

Tel:  +86-25-8461 0201   
Mobile: +86-13813931455(whatsapp/wechat)
Website: www.hiclover.com  
Email: sales@hiclover.com
Email: hicloversales@gmail.com  
Nanjing Clover Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.

 

2020-02-15

burning 150 kg of waste incinerator

In a bid to bring a partial relief from the mounting waste disposal issues, a new incinerator will begin functioning at the Kozhikode Medical College soon. Authorities say that the new incinerator will become operational by the first week of August.

The incinerator has been installed using the fund from the Hospital Development Society (HDS).

HDS member Saleem Madavoor told ‘City Express’ that the society has allotted `15 lakh towards the expenses that will be acquired for the installation works. Kerala Small Industries Development Corporation Limited(SIDCO), a state government undertaking has been entrusted with the works.

An official of the medical college said that an expert team, deputed by SIDCO, has visited the medical college to review the primary arrangements.

The work order has been given to SIDCO and an agreement was signed between the medical college authorities and SIDCO officials three months back.

The medical college official added that the works of the incinerator are completed and installation works will start within few days.  When the new incinerator begins operating, the waste disposal issues will be partially addressed. The incinerator which has a capacity of burning 150 kg of waste, will dispose of the residue generated from the medical college hospital.

Meanwhile, the medical college will continue to grapple with the waste being generated from the Institute of Maternal and Child Health (IMCH) and Super Specialty block as the incinerator for these blocks, which have been proposed at a cost of `63.5 lakh by the state government still remains on papers. If the incinerator becomes a reality around 5,000 kg of waste can be disposed everyday.

info from: http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/Waste-Woes-Medical-College-Gets-Partial-Relief/2015/07/17/article2924500.ece

Central Australia’s animal graveyard

The figure was revealed in the Alice Springs regional waste management facility report for October.

The dead pet you asked the vet to dispose of will end up buried in landfill, in most places across the country, and Alice Springs is no different.

“It’s a combination of horses, dogs, cats, pigs, any animal that dies,” said Alice Springs council technical services director Greg Buxton. “Road kill, kangaroos and that, the rangers pick them up, and you’ve got to dispose of them somewhere hygienic. So we put them at the back of landfill.”

The facility is on track to exceed last year’s total, with 3.7 tonnes deposited in the first quarter of this financial year.

Mr Buxton said most regional councils across the country dispose of dead animals in landfill.

“In the bigger cities they have an incinerator type setting where they cremate them, whereas we don’t have an incinerator here,” he said.

by: http://www.news.com.au/national/northern-territory/central-australias-animal-graveyard/story-fnn3gfdo-1227123002725

UTMB to destroy Ebola waste from Dallas hospital

Health officials say the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston in the coming days will destroy medical waste from a Dallas hospital where a Liberian man died of Ebola and two nurses became infected.

UTMB President David Callender said at a news conference Friday that the campus has the only licensed facility in Texas capable of receiving and incinerating the biohazardous material coming from the Dallas hospital.

He says waste suspected of being contaminated by Ebola will be trucked from Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital and placed in a 1,500-degree Fahrenheit incinerator. Any residue not turned to ash can then be placed in an 1,800-degree incinerator.

Callender says UTMB also has a special unit allowing it to treat up to three people infected by Ebola.

Read more here: http://www.miamiherald.com/living/health-fitness/article2931945.html#storylink=cpy

by: http://www.miamiherald.com/living/health-fitness/article2931945.html